Ex situ and in situ conservation of agricultural biodiversity. Difference between in situ and ex situ conservation. This study was conducted to assess the role of homegardens for conservation of plant in situ biodiversity in holeta town. Fungal biodiversity and in situ conservation in italy. Schwartz kr, parsons ecm, rockwood l and wood tc 2017 integrating in situ and ex situ data management processes for biodiversity conservation. Conserving the areas where populations of species exist naturally is an underlying condition for the conservation of biodiversity.
Iucn technical guidelines on the management of ex situ populations for conservation approved at the 14th meeting of the programme committee of council, gland switzerland, 10 december 2002 preamble iucn affirms that a goal of conservation is the maintenance of existing genetic. This is the most viable way of biodiversity conservation. The protection and management of biodiversity through in situ conservation involve certain specific areas known as protected areas which include national parks, sanctuaries and biosphere reserves. Ramanuja rao international network for bamboo and rattan inbar environmental bamboo foundation ebf government of the netherlands international plant genetic resources institute ipgri. It is the conservation of genetic resources through their maintenance within the environment in which they occur. Although viable populations of some organisms can be maintained ex situ either under cultivation or in captivity, these methods are far less effective than in situ methods, and, generally, they are extremely costly. Principles of in situ and ex situ conservation of biodiversity. These guidelines address both in situ conservation supporting the continued use of threatened breeds in the livestock production systems where they have traditionally been raised and ex situ conservation maintenance of populations at sites such as conservation farms and zoos. Biodiversity biological diversity is the total variety of living organisms in all ecosystems on earth, the genetic differences between them, and the communities and ecosystems in which they occur. A system wide approach to managing zoo collections for.
The conservation of biodiversity is achieved by two approaches in situ and ex situ. Revision notes on biodiversity and conservation askiitians. The biodiversity on hand is a legacy of remarkable fertility and exuberance. It is the process of protecting an endangered plant or animal species in its natural habitat, either by protecting or cleaning up the habitat itself, or by defending the species from predators. Frontiers integrating insitu and exsitu data management.
Ex situ conservation is rarely enough to save a species from extinction. In india, ecologically unique and biodiversity rich regions are legally protected as biosphere reserves, national parks, sanctuaries, reserved forests, protected forests and nature reserves. Ex situ conservation literally means, offsite conservation. In situ conservation is one of two basic conservation strategies, alongside ex situ conservation. Biodiversity conservation different methods and strategies. It is the process of protecting an endangered species, variety or breed, of plant or animal outside its natural habitat. Pdf biodiversity encompasses variety and variability of all forms of life on earth that play a great role in human existence. In order to ensure the maintenance of biodiversity, there is a need to employ complementary in situ and ex.
This is in situ conservation and the natural processes and interaction are conserved as well as the elements of biodiversity. That is what makes our country one of the 12 mega diversity countries of the world. Pdf fungal biodiversity and in situ conservation in italy. These take the form of both insitu conservation programmes e. Evolutionary ecosystems conserve life, as much as do individuals in their species lines. Ex situ conservation is the technique of conservation of all levels of biological diversity outside their natural habitats through different techniques. This process protects the inhabitants and ensures the sustainability of the environment and ecosystem. In situ conservation of biodiversity and protected areas. Conservation of biodiversity and genetic resources helps protect, maintain and recover endangered animal and plant species.
Ex situ conservation is the technique of conservation of. Exsitu methods focus on species conservation in botanic gardens, zoos, gene banks, and. Globally 29,000 accessions of proso millet, 8,000 accessions each of barnyard and kodo millets, and 3,000 accessions of little millet have been assembled and conserved fig. Biodiversity and genetic conservation general editors i. The role of homegardens for in situ conservation of plant.
It implies a restriction of human activity and a greater interaction of wildlife with local residents near a reserve forest. Insitu conservation national medicinal plants board. Its conservation embraces maintenance, sustainable utilization, and restoration, of the lost and degraded biodiversity through two basic and complementary strategies called in situ and ex situ. Through the conservation of biodiversity and the survival of many species and habitats which are threatened due to human activities can be ensured. It is a costeffective and convenient method of conserving biodiversity. Ex situ conservation an overview sciencedirect topics. The insitu concept is best understood in contrast to exsitu conservation. Zoos contribute substantial resources to in situ conservation projects in natural habitats using revenue from visitor attendance, as well as other sources. Insitu conservation aims to enable biodiversity to maintain itself within the context of the ecosystem in which it is found. Ex situ conservation means conservation which takes place offsite. May 03, 2019 in situ conservation is the onsite conservation of genetic resources in natural populations of plant or animal species. The only disadvantage of in situ conservation is that it requires large space of earth which is often difficult because of growing demand for space.
Jan 19, 2017 introduction in strategies of biodiversity conservation mainly two basic strategies have been proposed to ensure the future survival of endangered species. In situ conservation of biodiversity is the conservation of species within their natural habitat. These botanic gardens cultivate 80,000 species in living collections, and increasingly hold seed banks and in vitro collections. Strategies for conservation of biodiversity definition.
This approach includes conservation and protection of the total ecosystems and its biodiversity through a network of protected areas. It is the natural wealth of the earth, which supplies all our food and much of our shelter and raw materials. Zoos, botanical gardens and seed banks are all example of ex situ conservation. Conservation is the protection, preservation, management, or restoration of wildlife and natural resources such as forests and water. Following are the important advantages of in situ conservation. In our biosphere immense diversity or heterogeneity exists not only at the species level but. Portable sequencing as a teaching tool in conservation and. In situ conservation vs ex situ conservation javatpoint. Project report on biodiversity environmental pollution. Complementary approaches for maintaining biodiversity haileab zegeye department of biology, faculty of natural and computational sciences, debre tabor university, p. Biodiversity and conservation although india h as only 2. Neet botany biodiversity and conservation questions solved.
In situ conservation is the onsite conservation of genetic resources in natural populations of plants or animal species such as forest genetic resources, in natural populations of tree and animal species. Nearly 45,000 species of plants and twice as many of animals have been recorded from india. Ex situ plant conservation case studies from the hrpp we highlight several case studies from the hrpp where threatened. Insitu and exsitu conservation of biodiversity pdf new. In situ conservation is the onsite conservation or the conservation of genetic resources in natural populations of plant or animal species, such as forest genetic resources in natural populations of teagan species. Advantages and disadvantages of insitu conservation. The conservation of elements of biodiversity out of the context of their natural habitats is referred to as ex situ conservation. In this method, the natural ecosystem is maintained and protected. The most commonly used measures of biological diversity are genetic diversity, species diversity and ecosystem diversity. In situ conservation 1 the most appropriate method to maintain species of wild animals and plants in their natural habitats. Insitu and exsitu conservation of biodiversity an overview.
Ex situ conservation of threatened plant species in island. It is the conservation of components of biological diversity outside their natural habitats. Biodiversity encompasses variety and variability of all forms of life on earth that play a great role in human existence. Ex situ conservation of biodiversity with particular emphasis to. Ijres 4 2017 112 issn 20591977 in situ and ex situ conservation. In this method of biological diversity conservation, sampling, shifting, storage and preservation of target taxa is carried out outside the natural habitat of the organisms. Pdf ex situ conservation of biodiversity with particular emphasis. There are mainly two strategies for the conservation of wildlife. In situ conservation is one of two basic conservation strategies, alongsideex situ conservation. Insitu and exsitu conservation jamaican biodiversity. Biodiversity conservation is accomplished in a number of ways. Its primary focus is upon maintaining the health of the natural world, its fisheries, habitats, and biological diversity. In situ conservation, the conservation of species in their natural habitats, is considered the most appropriate way of conserving biodiversity.
Article 8 of the convention on biological diversity cbd specifies in situ conservation as the primary conservation strategy, and states that ex situ measures should play a supportive role to reach conservation targets. In situ or onsite conservation refers to the conservation of species within their natural habitats. Article 8 of the convention on biological diversity cbd specifies in situ conservation as the primary conservation strategy, and states that ex situ measures should play a supportive role to reach conservation targets in situ conservation aims to enable biodiversity to maintain itself within. Along with forest policy, it is fundamental to redesign the new forest act, national parks and wildlife. Ex situ conservation of biodiversity with particular emphasis. Ex situ conservation is the widely used method to conserve millet genetic resources. Iucn technical guidelines on the management of exsitu. Conservation is an ethic of resource use, allocation, and protection.